abstract: the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in iranian high-school elt textbooks and touch stone series to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these books. the purpose is to find out which of the series of the books under investigation impose a greater referential burden on efl learners as far as their reading comprehension of the ...

the major aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between social and cultural capital and efl students’ critical thinking skills. this study takes this relationship in to account to see if people with different sociocultural status are different regarding their critical thinking skills. to this end, 160 university students majoring in english language and literature, english trans...

شناسی معرفت از جمله قدیمی ترین زیر رشته های جامعه شناسی است، به طوری که اندیشمندان کلاسیک این حوزه بنیانگذاران رشته جامعه شناسی اند. در این رشته از جامعه شناسی، به طور کلی تعین اجتماعی معرفت مورد بحث و بررسی قرار می گیرد.یکی از گونه های متنوع معرفت، ذائقه موسیقایی است. از این رو جامعه شناسی ذائقه موسیقایی را می توان از زیر رشته های جامعه شناسی معرفت به شمار آورد. در جامعه شناسی ذائقه موسیقایی، ...

Cultural psychiatry is one of the relatively new trends in psychiatry that has received much attention today. During the last century, many Iranian psychiatrists have taken steps to introduce various aspects of cultural psychiatry from the field of epidemiology to the cultural conceptualization of psychiatric disorders. This article tries to refer to the history of contemporary cultural psychia...

phatic communion is a cultural concept which differs across cultures. according to hofstede (2001), the u.s. tends to have individualistic culture; however, asian countries tend to have collectivistic cultures. these cultures view phatic communion differently. in individualistic cultures like u.s., phatic communion reflects speakers’ socio-cultural relationships in conversations. to see whether...