within the components of communicative competence, a special emphasis is put on the “rules of politeness,” specifically the politeness strategies (brown and levinson, 1978) that speakers deploy when performing the request speech act. this is because the degree of imposition that making a request places upon one’s interlocutor(s) has been seen to be influenced by several factors among which, as ...

abstract pragmatics is the study of communicative action in its sociocultural context. communicative action includes not only using speech acts (such as apologizing, complaining, complimenting, and requesting), but also engaging in different types of discourse and participating in speech events of varying length and complexity. the present study aimed to investigate the assessment of pragm...

Objective Developmental stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by repetition, prolongation, block and disruption of the smooth flow of speech. Environmental, physical, mental, and cognitive-linguistic factors were involved in the initiation and development of stuttering. There have been several theories about the development of stuttering. One of these theories suggests that stuttering i...

‏‎the hypothesis is that recent and frequent exposure to lexical items leads to a more fluent production of speech in terms of rate of speech. to test the hypothesis , a one- way anova experimental design was carried out. 24 senior student of efl participated in a one-way interview test. data analyses revealed that those who were exposed frequently to the lexical items over a week prior to inte...

Although researches in the field of Persian speech recognition  claim  a  thirty-year-old  history in Iran  which has achieved considerable progresses, due to the lack of well-defined experimental framework, outcomes from many of these researches are not comparable to each other and their accurate assessment won’t be possible. The experimental framework includes ASR toolkit and speech database ...

Artificial fertility conditions and its effects is an important issue in developed countries reviewed the law and rules concerning the situation has been. In France, two in 1994 in the field of law "with the help of artificial reproduction," passed the civil law and public health law reform in France and has been completed. In the law how to donate embryos to infertile couples to pass...