The spatial structure of a city is the result of current spatial processes in a city and in a long run, has close relationship with the efficiency of urban development. Such a concept has a significant effect on the quality of competitiveness, livability, desirability, and the environmental invulnerability of the cities. In this regard, formulating a sustainable spatial structure depends on suc...

Quality of life is multifaceted and relative concept. It is being affected by spatial and temporal variation as well as social – individual values. This bears different meaning for different groups. This study tries to measure quality of life based on subjective indices. It further identifies and analyses the major spatial factors responsible for life quality of the rural people. This study is ...

this thesis is about the effect of self-confidence and educational motivation on oral translation quality.

Housing enjoys a multilateral functioning in the rural system. One of the aspects highlighted by planning system is the renewal and rehabilitation of housing. In our country, Iran, development of rural housing has experienced a growing trend, especially in the physical and structural aspects. However, a large part of the rural population in different areas of the country is living in non-resist...