We examine in detail how epidemiological feedbacks combine with costs and benefits to determine the evolution of resistance by systematically analysing continuously stable strategies (CSS) for different host-parasite frameworks. The mode of resistance (innate versus acquired), the nature of the host (i.e. life-history and immunological memory) and the nature of the disease (effects on fertility...

This is the summary report, which can be accessed at and as well as in the " CSS Environment and Conflict Transformation " Series (www.isn.ethz.ch > " Publishing House " > " Publication Series "). An 18-page summary of this full report can be accessed at the same websites. The Center for Security Studies (CSS) at ETH Zurich is a Swiss academic center of com...

Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is decreased by cigarette smoking. The hypothesis that oxides of nitrogen (NOX) in cigarette smoke solution (CSS) may exert a negative feedback mechanism upon NO release from epithelial (AEC, A549, and NHTBE) and basophilic cells (RBL-2H3) was tested in vitro. CSS inhibited both NO production and degranulation (measured as release of beta-hexosaminidase) in a dose-dep...

In 1951 the pathologists Churg and Strauss identified 13 patients who presented with a clinical syndrome characterised by asthma, hypereosinophilia, and evidence of vasculitis aVecting a number of organs. The three main histological features found on pathological examination of these cases were extravascular granulomas, tissue eosinophilia, and necrotising vasculitis (fig 1). Most of these pati...

Chaos is embedded to the he Charged System Search (CSS) to solve practical optimization problems. To improve the ability of global search, different chaotic maps are introduced and three chaotic-CSS methods are developed. A comparison of these variants and the standard CSS demonstrates the superiority and suitability of the selected variants for practical civil optimization problems.

© 2013 The Authors. doi: 10.2340/00015555-1384 Journal Compilation © 2013 Acta Dermato-Venereologica. ISSN 0001-5555 Churg–Strauss syndrome (CSS) is a complex multiple organ disease (1). The American College of Rheumatology has proposed 6 criteria for CSS classification, with the fulfilment of 4 criteria making a diagnosis of CSS (2). These criteria include asthma, eosinophilia, mononeuropathy ...