conclusions the number of studies conducted on pre-hospital emergency services in iran is limited. to promote public health, consideration of prevention areas, processes to provide pre-hospital emergency services, policymaking, foresight, systemic view, comprehensive research programs and roadmaps, and assessments of research needs in pre-hospital emergency seem necessary. context pre-hospital ...

background due to the high number of road accidents in iran, pre-hospital care plays a vital role in saving the lives of trauma patients. although several studies have been conducted on the pre-hospital emergency status and its indicators, there are no comprehensive studies presenting its status. objective therefore, this review examines iranian studies conducted on pre-hospital emergency statu...

This study intends to investigate the realizations and functional patterns of shell nouns in Applied Linguistics research articles.  To this end, fifty research articles in the field of Applied Linguistic were selected from Journal of English for Academic Purposes and journal of English for Specific Purposes published by Elsevier.  The articles were analyzed for the realizatio...

introduction: optimum pain management immediately after surgeries can lower the possibility of pain syndrome and its following consequences. opioids are amongst the analgesics used for postoperative pain control; however, their application can bring about several adverse effects. in this study, all the published articles regarding efficacy of paracetamol   in post-cardiac surgery pain managemen...

This study was conducted with the purpose of examining Persian speakers’ article acquisition and use with reference to Ionin, Ko and Wexler’s (2004) model, which is based on the prediction of Fluctuation Hypothesis (FH) that EFL learners of [-article] languages, like Persian, make erroneous article use in [+definite, -specific] and [-definite, +specific] contexts. From among the students of an ...