conclusions the results of the present study showed that, in a rural hospital setting in a developing country, laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic cholelithiasis was associated with shorter hospital stay, less infectious morbidity rates, and reduced costs, compared to open surgery. thus, laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be advised as a routine technique for management of cholelithia...

health sector can be directed to a great deal of improvements by formulation of proper policies. however, policy making in human resources, the most important resource, was not regarded as much necessary as the health sector. therefore, this study aimed to compare core stages of policy making in human resources for the health sector (hrh). such a research can be considered as an important step ...

the main sources of all natural light are the sun, the moon and the stars. in other words, the principle source of illumination is the light as mediated by atmosphere. according to some philosophers, spiritual or holy light includes not only material and quantified aspect, but being non-physical properties it treats as a spiritual connector between god and man. the light is the main part of exi...

A number of jurisdictions have been experimenting with new problem-oriented policing frameworks to understand and respond to gun violence among gang-involved offenders. These interventions are based on the “pulling levers” deterrence strategy that focuses criminal justice and social service attention on a small number of chronically offending gang members responsible for the bulk of urban gun v...

A growing body of evidence suggests that rates of diversification of biological lineages are correlated with differences in genome-wide mutation rate. Given that most research into differential patterns of diversification rate have focused on species traits or ecological parameters, a connection to the biochemical processes of genome change is an unexpected observation. While the empirical evid...

A total number of 66 day old Japanese quail chicks divided into 2 treatment groups (33 in each treatment) with 3 replications in each having 11 birds (male, 5 and female, 6) were reared on floor and in cage system for a period of 5 weeks to know the effect of rearing system on growth performance and carcass characteristics. At the age of 35 days, average body weight and feed intake were 102.15 ...