Today, most of the big cities or metropolises around the world have been encountering with the problem of informal habitation. The present study, thus, tries to focus on the role of endogenous development in such type of habitation process. For that matter, the paper takes into account architectural programming and urbanism as its theoretical framework because the endogenous development is rela...

This paper discusses the question of whether institutions matter for regional development in the EU and, if so, of how can the institutional dimension be integrated in the European regional development effort. It finds that while the role of local institutions is crucial for economic development and as a means of determining the returns of European regional development policies, generating an i...

Although social institutions permeate the world in which we live, they are all but absent from our analyses of economic growth and development. This paper argues the need to mitigate this omission by demonstrating the importance of social institutions for growth and development while focusing on institutions providing social safety nets. Social institutions and policies render individual behavi...

globalization, as the most important change at recent age, depends on developing of science, technology and information. it has several effects on aspects of human activities such as social and political studies and changing ideas. moreover, power, the central concept in politics, has confronted different approaches. so, any subject, e.g. political development, needs re-definition and re-explan...

This paper evaluates the importance of “property rights institutions”, which protect citizens against expropriation by the government and powerful elites, and “contracting institutions”, which enable private contracts between citizens. We exploit exogenous variation in both types of institutions driven by colonial history, and document strong firststage relationships between property rights ins...

My core objectives with this project are: to provide a broad and theoretically well-grounded understanding of the formal and informal institutions, on the local, national, transnational and regional level, that are the best suited to prevent the escalation of conflict and maintain peace; to develop an in-depth understanding of how political, economic, social and cultural factors interact to cre...