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Let S = Sg,n be a connected, orientable surface of genus g ≥ 0 with n ≥ 0 punctures. Let Teich(S) denote the corresponding Teichmüller space, and let Mod(S) denote the mapping class group of S. Understanding the analogy of Teich(S) with symmetric spaces is a wellknown theme. Recall that a complete Riemannian manifold X is symmetric if it is symmetric at each point x ∈ X: the map γ(t) 7→ γ(−t) w...
We describe the geometry of geodesics on a Lorentz ellipsoid: give explicit formulas for the first integrals (pseudo-confocal coordinates), curvature, geodesically equivalent Riemannian metric, the invariant area-forms on the timeand space-like geodesics and invariant 1-form on the space of null geodesics. We prove a Poncelet-type theorem for null geodesics on the ellipsoid: if such a geodesic ...
Given a linear isometry A0 : Rn → Rn of finite order on Rn , a general 〈A0〉-invariant closed subset M of Rn is considered with Lipschitz boundary. Under suitable topological restrictions the existence of A0-invariant geodesics of M is proven.
We describe a new proof of the complete integrability of the two related dynamical systems: the billiard inside the ellipsoid and the geodesic flow on the ellipsoid (in Euclidean, spherical or hyperbolic space). The proof is based on the construction of a metric on the ellipsoid whose nonparameterized geodesics coincide with those of the standard metric. This new metric is induced by the hyperb...
a significant problem in multicarrier communication systems is the necessity to reduce the value of papr (peak-to-average power ratio) of transmitting signal. in this thesis we study the effect of the system parameters such as coding and modulation types on papr and ultimate ber in a mc-cdma system. in this study we consider fading channel as well as the nonlinearity of transmitter’s amplifier ...
the purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between fear of negative evaluation (fne) and communication strategies (css) among iranian efl learners. it was aimed to examine the differences in the use of communication strategies between speakers with high or low degree of fear of negative evaluation. the current study was a case study consisting of 10 english learners at...
the present study was an attempt to determine the types of motivation and levels of foreign language learning anxiety among efl students studying at azad and state universities in kermanshah and to determine the relationship between these two factors and language proficiency and gender. to this end, the foreign language learning motivation scale, by deci and ryan )1985(, were administered to 12...
educational researchers have provided evidence that teachers’ emotional intelligence has strong effects on various aspects of teaching and learning. yet, in the field of teaching english to speakers of other languages (tesol), inquiry into teachers’ emotional intelligence is nearly limited. given its documented powerful impact on teaching practices and student learning, it is critical to pursue...
different researchers in different parts of the world have investigated the strategies used to translate written works ranging from novels to classroom assignments. however, by the significant increase in the number of postgraduate students in iran in the last few years, a very common kind of translation in iran includes translating abstracts of master’s theses. in this work, the researcher hav...
attempts have been made to study the thermodynamic behavior of 1,3 butadiene purification columns with the aim of retrofitting those columns to more energy efficient separation schemes. 1,3 butadiene is purified in two columns in series through being separated from methyl acetylene and 1,2 butadiene in the first and second column respectively. comparisons have been made among different therm...
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