According to World Bank Report (2021), the agricultural sector consumes 70 percent of global freshwater. Therefore, managing and exploiting water resources optimally as well as future planning in this sector is necessary. Limited access to water endowments, unequal distribution of water resources, climate changes and increasing global water demand have increased the importance of the issue. Awa...

The main aim of this study is to investigate the effect of exchange rate uncertainty on trade balance between Iran and countries which are major  trading partner of Iran, using the EGARCH method and the ARDL model (to examine the coherency and short- and long-term dynamics of the model). The data used in this paper includes quarterly data in the period of 1995 to 2017 for the real effective exc...

abstract nowadaysphotovoltaic solar cells (pvs) areacknowledged the fastest growing energy technology in the word, however, they only account for only fraction of current global renewable energy capacity. it isrecognized that this incomplete market penetration has been largely a result of the technology’sexcessive cost. so researchers are trying to find innovative, economic way with theaim of ...

The economic fluctuations and the changing business circles of a country play an important role in the economic performance and fate of any country, which is very important and important when considering the economic situation at a time of boom or recession under accrual conditions. In this paper, In the framework of the Ramsey model, the basis of microeconomics is extracted using neoclassical ...

International balance of payments is one of the most common criteria for measuring the flow of trade and capital transfers in an open economy. The three main components of this balance are: trade balance, current account (or difference between export and import of goods and services) and capital account. In this study, factor augmented vector autoregressive model (FAVAR) was used to evaluate th...

if the precise implementation of the principle of proportion and:balance between the violation and the penalty as well as the other dimensions could be considered as a stick yard for the imptementation of justice any lack of preciseness in carrying out such principle would not indeed be much too far from injustice . naturally ,if it would be imagined that the objective of balance between...

Freshwater aquarium plants are one of the most popular components in freshwater aquariums. The aquarium plant trade is a lucrative trade in its producer countries. In fact, the aquarium is a closed and controlled environment that coordination between all its components is necessary to maintain the balance and stability of this small ecosystem. They beautify the interior of the aquarium, moreove...

today the image of a permanent skeletal space of cities affected by some forces or mechanisms is put in time with social-economic development and while imposes a new face and perspective to physical anatomy of cities, and prepares field to changes in content and social- economic structures of cities too. simultaneously with quitting villages in order to settle in cities by villagers, the phen...