abstract: the present study is an attempt to find out cultural exophoric references in iranian high-school elt textbooks and touch stone series to compare the frequency of occurrence of such references in these books. the purpose is to find out which of the series of the books under investigation impose a greater referential burden on efl learners as far as their reading comprehension of the ...

the purpose of the present study is to find out whether bilinguals of khuzestan-arab origin or monolinguals of iranian origin code-switch during learning or speaking english and which group is more susceptible to code-switch. to this end, the students of 24 classes from high schools and pre- university centers were screened out, and interviewed and their voices and code-switchings were recorded...

Low photosynthetic rate is a major reason for yield reduction in drought-stress conditions. Therefore, a study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of drought stress on gas exchange, chlorophyll florescence, photosynthetic pigments, membrane stability, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of leaves and their association with drought tolerance in 12 chickpea genotypes, which w...

terms of address as an important linguistics items provide valuable information about the interlocutors, their relationship and their circumstances. this study was done to investigate the change route of persian address terms in the two recent centuries including three historical periods of qajar, pahlavi and after the islamic revolution. data were extracted from a corpus consisting 24 novels w...

abstract the cr(iii) and zn(ii) complexes with 2-((9,10-dihydro-1-hydroxy-9,10-dioxaanthracen-4-yloxy)carbonyl)benzoic acid as ligand have been prepared by reacting cr(no3) and zn(no3)2 and ligand in cloroform. the cr and zn complexes with 2-((9,10-dihydro-1-hydroxy-9,10-dioxaanthracen-4-yloxy)carbonyl) were also prepared in chloroform and aceton solutions. the uv-visible and ft-ir spectra of...

abstract i the purpose of this study was to launch a thorough investigation concerning the possibility of differing orientations to the writing proficiency construct by native and non-native english speaking teacher raters. it mainly revolved around the international english language testing system (ielts) that is widely administered and employed as a measure of general proficiency in englis...

abstract present research considered to examine and compare shahrray 14 years girls and boys narrative concerning with their responsibilities in this research, statistical society are 14 years girls and boys of shahrry . for performing this research. first, 14 years of 50 boys and 50 girls were selected in accidental method and have filled memati hormaled adolescents responsibility questioner...

Analysis of transgenic plants is very important in gene transfer programs. In this research, the second generation (T1) of transgenic brassica napus which was transformed by antisense of Glutamine synthetase (GS) gene was studied from the view of total soluble protein content of leaf, total chlorophyll and protein patterns (SDS-PAGE) using seeds of Brassica napus .Protein concentration was dete...

Analysis of transgenic plants is very important in gene transfer programs. In this research, the second generation (T1) of transgenic brassica napus which was transformed by antisense of Glutamine synthetase (GS) gene was studied from the view of total soluble protein content of leaf, total chlorophyll and protein patterns (SDS-PAGE) using seeds of Brassica napus .Protein concentration was dete...