while performance-based language assessment has led to an increased authenticity and content validity in the practice of writing assessment, the reliability of ratings has become a major issue. research findings have shown different reactions by native english speaker (nes) and non-native english speaker (nns) teachers to students’ writings. the focus of this study is on investigating whether i...

efl/esl textbooks have been regarded as essential language teaching materials with which the learners spend about 70 up to 90 percent of their class time. the important role they play and their vast use make them not only influential in learning the language but also in shaping values and attitudes. put it another way, textbooks socialize learners using their contents (i.e. texts, illustrations...

  Abstract   Background & Aim: Communicating with a psychiatric client due to the impairment in their cognitive, emotional and behavioral processes needs essential skills. Regarding the importance of acquiring knowledge of real experiences of nursing students in practice setting and improving the quality of education and considering the capabilities of qualitative approaches, this...

the major purpose of this study was to develop the translation teacher competency test (ttct) and examine its construct and predictive validity. the present study was conducted in two phases: a qualitative phase as well as a quantitative phase. in the first phase of the study, the author attempted to find out the major areas of competency required for an academic translation teacher. the second...

Background and purpose: The rising rate of Iranian runaway girls indicates a need for conducting deep studies on this issue. This study aimed at investigating the phenomenon of running away from home by studying the lived experience of the girls in a juvenile correction and rehabilitation center in Tehran, Iran.   Materials and methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was performed...

 Background: Divorce is a social reality and an unpredictable change to marital status. This study aimed to explain post-divorce life experience in divorcee women based on socio- structural paradigm. Methods: This is a qualitative study using grounded theory to explore lived experiences of divorcee women. The study participants included 26 divorced, 3 of their friends, 1 lawyer, 5 wor...

this study attempts to investigate the effect of peers’ revision in comparison to that of the teacher, and whether peers’ comments and teachers’ comments facilitate students’ revision? if yes, which one is more effective? also attempts have been made to see which aspects of language are more highlighted by peers versus teachers when commenting. besides, it is investigating the student’s attitud...

abstract the first purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of consciousness-raising (c-r) activities on learning grammatical structures (simple present tense in this case) by iranian guidance school efl learners. the second one was to investigate the effect of gender on learning the simple present tense through c-r activities and tasks. finally, this study aimed to investigate the ...

the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of implicit focus on form through input flooding and the effect of noticing, explicit focus on form on linguistic accuracy. to fulfill the purpose of the study, 86 iranian pre-intermediate efl learners of one of the language institutes were chosen by means of administering ket as the homogeneity test. these learners were pretested throug...