dynamic assessment according to vygotskys sociocultural theory, states that instruction and assessment are interrelated. using static forms of assessment with second and foreign language students could do more harm than good. many teachers neglect to take account of the complexity involved in learning a second or foreign language and often wonder why learning of a language take so long. thi...

abstract the present study tried to investigate the effect of visual aids (films) on the development of the speech act of disagreement among iranian efl intermediate learners. to this end, the researcher selected 40 homogeneous intermediate learners based on their scores on oxford placement test. .the subjects then divided into control group and experimental group. both classes were tested by ...

the aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency and the type of discourse markers used in the argumentative and expository writings of iranian efl learners and the differences between these text features in the two essay genres. the study also aimed at examining the influence of the use of discourse markers on the participants’ writing quality. to this end the discourse markers us...

a major concern in the last few years has been the fact that the cultural centers are keeping distance with what they have been established for and instead of reproducing the hegemony, they have turned into a place for resistance and reproduction of resistance against hegemony. because the cultural centers, as urban public spaces in the last two decades, have been the subject of ideological dis...

this study compared the different effects of form-focused guided planning vs. meaning-focused guided planning on iranian pre-intermediate students’ task performance. the study lasted for three weeks and concentrated on eight english structures. forty five pre-intermediate iranian students were randomly assigned to three groups of guided planning focus-on-form group (gpfg), guided planning focus...

abstract u.s. attack to afghanistan after 9/11 provided opportunities for us who tried to become the dominant power after collapse of ussr and bipolar world. thinkers like fukuyama believed american liberal democrats thought would be universally accepted without resistances. liberal democracy is the best and final model of governance; in this regard, united state has moral responsibilities for...

today, persian poetry is of great importance to many scholars around the world. the interest and attention of various cultures toward such a fine literature has given quite a good motivation for a comparative study. the major concern of the study is to investigate how nature is depicted through the works of the great english poet, william wordsworth (1770-1850) and the outstanding contemporary ...

abstract this study is an attempt to determine the effect of nano- technology education on science lesson for fifth grade in primary school in the city of kermanshah. this research is experimental and is conducted in the from of pre-test and post- test for the control group. an achievement test was administered to determine the rate of learning in the students. the research is an applied one. ...

one of the most commonly used techniques to reduce the corrosion rate of rebar in concrete is addition substances named corrosion inhibitors into the concrete. corrosion inhibitor is chemical compounds that were added to concrete to prevent corrosion of steel in concrete. sodium nitrate is a type of anodic inhibitors that this study investigatesthe effect of this inhibitor on the properties of ...

this study investigates the relationship between field-related cognitive styles and global reading comprehension of hypertext. technically, field dependency is prevailing dominance of field on perception of parts, while global comprehension is skim-like reading to grasp the general content. in this research project, 60 senior and junior students of arak university majoring in english literature...